ECG interpretation and commentary
Main Article Content
Abstract
This is demonstration of selected ECGs for learning or for exams; guided by lessons from great teachers as Prof. Hein Wellens MD. Here we provide advanced examples with comment and analysis.
Article Details
Copyright (c) 2020 Rafla S, et al.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The Journal of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine is committed in making it easier for people to share and build upon the work of others while maintaining consistency with the rules of copyright. In order to use the Open Access paradigm to the maximum extent in true terms as free of charge online access along with usage right, we grant usage rights through the use of specific Creative Commons license.
License: Copyright © 2017 - 2025 | Open Access by Journal of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Based on a work at Heighten Science Publications Inc.
With this license, the authors are allowed that after publishing with the journal, they can share their research by posting a free draft copy of their article to any repository or website.
Compliance 'CC BY' license helps in:
Permission to read and download | ✓ |
Permission to display in a repository | ✓ |
Permission to translate | ✓ |
Commercial uses of manuscript | ✓ |
'CC' stands for Creative Commons license. 'BY' symbolizes that users have provided attribution to the creator that the published manuscripts can be used or shared. This license allows for redistribution, commercial and non-commercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged and in whole, with credit to the author.
Please take in notification that Creative Commons user licenses are non-revocable. We recommend authors to check if their funding body requires a specific license.
Chou's Electrocardiography in Clinical Practice: Adult and Pediatric, Sixth Edition, Saunders, Philadelphia, 2008.
Surawicz B et al. ACC/AHA recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram. Circulation. 2009; 119: e235-240.
Zhang J, Hocini M, Strom M, Cuculich PS, Cooper DH, et al. The Electrophysiological Substrate of Early Repolarization Syndrome: Noninvasive Mapping in Patients. JACC Clin Electrophysiol. 2017 Aug; 3: 894-904. PubMed: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29130071
Corrado D, Biffi A, Basso C, Pelliccia A, Thiene G. 12-lead ECG in the athlete: physiological versus pathological abnormalities. Br J Sports Med. 2009; 43: 669–676. PubMed: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19734501
Basu J1, Malhotra A. Interpreting the Athlete’s ECG: Current State and Future Perspectives. Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med. 2018; 20: 104. PubMed: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30456469
Zorzi A, ElMaghawry M, Corrado D. Evolving interpretation of the athlete's electrocardiogram: from European Society of Cardiology and Stanford criteria, to Seattle criteria and beyond. J Electrocardiol. 2015; 48: 283-2891. PubMed: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25724348
Drezner JA, Sharma S, Baggish A, Papadakis M, Wilson MG, et al. International criteria for electrocardiographic interpretation in athletes: Consensus statement. Br J Sports Med. 2017; 51: 704-731. PubMed: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28258178
Begg G, Willan K, Tyndall K, Pepper C, Tayebjee M. Electrocardiogram interpretation and arrhythmia management: a primary and secondary care survey. Br J Gen Pract. 2016; 66: e291-e296. PubMed: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27025557