Use of Rivaroxaban and Apixaban, Two Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants (NOACs), in Renally Impaired Patients - the limits of our knowledge

Main Article Content

Kenneth T Moore*
Maria Langas

Article Details

Moore, K. T., & Langas, M. (2018). Use of Rivaroxaban and Apixaban, Two Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants (NOACs), in Renally Impaired Patients - the limits of our knowledge. Journal of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, 3(3), 049–051. https://doi.org/10.29328/journal.jccm.1001026
Opinions

Copyright (c) 2018 Moore KT, et al.

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

The Journal of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine is committed in making it easier for people to share and build upon the work of others while maintaining consistency with the rules of copyright. In order to use the Open Access paradigm to the maximum extent in true terms as free of charge online access along with usage right, we grant usage rights through the use of specific Creative Commons license.

License: Copyright © 2017 - 2025 | Creative Commons License Open Access by Journal of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Based on a work at Heighten Science Publications Inc.

With this license, the authors are allowed that after publishing with the journal, they can share their research by posting a free draft copy of their article to any repository or website.

Compliance 'CC BY' license helps in:

Permission to read and download
Permission to display in a repository
Permission to translate
Commercial uses of manuscript

'CC' stands for Creative Commons license. 'BY' symbolizes that users have provided attribution to the creator that the published manuscripts can be used or shared. This license allows for redistribution, commercial and non-commercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged and in whole, with credit to the author.

Please take in notification that Creative Commons user licenses are non-revocable. We recommend authors to check if their funding body requires a specific license. 

Lutz J, Jurk K, Schinzel H. Direct oral anticoagulants in patients with chronic kidney disease: patient selection and special considerations. Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis. 2017; 10: 135-143. Ref.: https://goo.gl/MBu8sA

Xarelto [package insert]. Raritan, NJ. Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies. 2011 (revised October 2017).

Eliquis [package insert]. Princeton, NJ: Bristol-Myers Squibb Company. 2012 (revised February 2018).

Patel MR, Mahaffey KW, Garg J, Pan G, Singer DE, et al. Rivaroxaban versus warfarin in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2011; 365: 883-891. Ref.: https://goo.gl/JZux9g

Granger CB, Alexander JH, McMurray JJ, Lopes RD, Hylek EM, et al. Apixaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2011; 365: 981-992. Ref.: https://goo.gl/vuXaQr

Connolly SJ, Ezekowitz MD, Yusuf S, Eikelboom J, Oldgren J, et al. Dabigatran versus Warfarin in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2009; 361: 1139-1151. Ref.: https://goo.gl/fs8ha2

Giugliano RP, Ruff CT, Braunwald E, Murphy SA, Wiviott SD, et al. Edoxaban versus Warfarin in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2013; 369: 2093-2104. Ref.: https://goo.gl/XXRm3h

Kubitza D, Becka M, Mueck W, Halabi A, Maatouk H, et al. Effects of renal impairment on the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and safety of rivaroxaban, an oral, direct factor Xa inhibitor. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2010; 70: 703-712. Ref.: https://goo.gl/uENJM7

Chang M, Yu Z, Shenker A, Wang J, Pursley J, et al. Effect of renal impairment on the pharmacokinetics pharmacodynamics, and safety of apixaban. J Clin Pharmacol. 2010; 56: 637-645. Ref.: https://goo.gl/Ukqwgs

Dias C, Moore KT, Murphy J, Ariyawansa J, Smith W, et al. Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of single-dose rivaroxaban in chronic hemodialysis. Am J Nephrol. 2016; 43: 229-236. Ref.: https://goo.gl/2kb1sU

Wang X, Tirucherai G, Marbury TC, Wang J, Chang M, et al. Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of apixaban in subjects with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis. J Clin Pharmacol. 2016; 56: 628-636. Ref.: https://goo.gl/3Jrgm4